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A double-elimination tournament is a type of elimination tournament competition in which a participant ceases to be eligible to win the tournament's championship upon having lost ''two'' games or matches. It stands in contrast to a single-elimination tournament, in which only ''one'' defeat results in elimination. One method of arranging a double-elimination tournament is to break the competitors into two sets of brackets, the ''Winners Bracket'' and ''Losers Bracket'' (''W'' and ''L'' Brackets for short; also sometimes ''Upper Bracket'' and ''Lower Bracket'', respectively) after the first round. The first round winners proceed into the W Bracket and the losers proceed into the L Bracket. The W Bracket is conducted in the same manner as a single-elimination tournament, except that the losers of each round "drop down" into the L Bracket. Another method of double elimination tournament management is the Draw and Process. As with single-elimination tournaments, most often the number of competitors is equal to a power of two (8, 16, 32, etc.) so that each round there are an even number of competitors and never any byes. The maximum number of games in a double elimination tournament is one less than twice the number of teams participating (e.g., 8 teams – 15 games). The minimum number is two less than twice the number of teams (e.g., 8 teams – 14 games). ==Conducting the tournament== If the Bracket arrangement is being used then each round of the L Bracket is conducted in two stages; a minor stage followed by a major stage. Both contain the same number of matches (assuming there are no byes) which is the same again as the number of matches in the corresponding round of the W Bracket. If the minor stage of an L Bracket round contains matches, it will produce winners. Meanwhile, the matches in the corresponding round of the W Bracket will produce losers. These competitors will then pair off in the matches of the corresponding major stage of the L Bracket. For example, in an eight-competitor double-elimination tournament, the four losers of the first round, W Bracket quarter finals, pair off in the first stage of the L Bracket, the L Bracket minor semifinals. The two losers are eliminated, while the two winners proceed to the L Bracket major semifinals. Here, those two players/teams will each compete against a loser of the W Bracket semifinal in the L Bracket major semifinals. The winners of the L Bracket major semifinals compete against each other in the L Bracket minor-final, with the winner playing the loser of the W Bracket final in the L Bracket major final. The championship finals of a double elimination tournament is usually set up to be a possible two games. The rationale is that since the tournament is indeed double elimination, it is unfair to have the W Bracket champion eliminated with its first loss. Therefore, while the W Bracket champion needs to beat the L Bracket champion only once to win the tournament, the L Bracket champion must beat the Winners' Bracket champion twice. A Draw and Process tournament requires less intervention by the manager. The competitors are allocated their first round positions on the competition grid and this is played as if it were a single elimination event. This grid is called the "Draw". A second competition grid called the "Process" is then produced and again played as a single elimination event. The fixed arrangement of the Process ensures that players who met in the first round of the Draw cannot meet until the final of the Process. Similarly, players who meet in the second round of the Draw cannot meet until the semi finals of the Process. If the same person wins both the Draw and Process then they are the overall winner and the losing finalists will play each other for second and third place. Otherwise the winners of the Draw and Process will play off to determine the winner.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.croquetamerica.com/croquet/tournaments/DrawAndProcess.php )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Double-elimination tournament」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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